Notes |
Introduction:
Mongolia is situated in the East Asia between Russia and China far from Oceans and Sea
with a population of 2.8 million and territory of 1.566 million square km. The average
altitude is 1580 m above the sea level and it is on average 1000 km distance from the
nearest access to a sea. For that reason Mongolia has a continental climate with four distinct
seasons. Mongolia is a specific country with sharp continental climate and small
precipitation. Vast semi-arid (semi-desert) and Plains Mountains in the west and southwest
the Gobi desert in south and southeast. 42.5 percent of Mongolian territory is occupied by
the Gobi desert, covered by scattered and short plants, which grow on the semi-desert and
Gobi steppe brown soil with weak fertility.
The extreme climate and geography as well as the landlocked condition greatly influence
the Mongol’s way of life. As far as Mongolia, where more than 40 percent of the population
is engaged in livestock breeding, the life of people depends mostly on the weather and
natural condition.
The ethic composition of Mongolia is fairly homogeneous: there are two national
majorities representing different ethic groups and 15 national minorities representing
different ethic groups. The density of the population is extremely low, only 1.7 persons per
square km and still many areas remain virtually unpopulated. |
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